在中國撤回其「技術性反對意見」後，聯合國安理會將巴基斯坦的馬蘇德阿茲哈爾（Maulana Masood Azhar）列為「全球恐怖分子」，印度至此取得重大外交勝利。亞洲時報（Asiatimes.com）報導
中國在經歷數月的國際輿論壓力下終於鬆手，本周三安理會順利通過列入制裁名單。
今年2月14日，一名自殺炸彈客駕車撞向一輛載有安保人員的車隊，導致40名印度警察在克什米爾遇害。阿茲哈爾的穆罕默德軍聲稱對此次襲擊事件負責。案發後，印度再次譴責阿茲哈爾。
自十多年前獲釋以來，阿茲哈爾一直是印度的目標。
他獲釋不久即成立了穆罕默德軍。據信穆罕默德軍得到了巴基斯坦三軍情報局的支持。印度情報部門認為，三軍情報局幫助劫持印度航空公司的航班，並幫助塔利班洽談阿茲哈爾的釋放。
2月22日，聯合國安理會通過決議，譴責在克什米爾發生的襲擊事件。
上周後期，美國國務院官員告訴他們的印度同行，他們離解決阿茲哈爾問題不遠了。周二凌晨，印度尼西亞駐聯合國特使致電印度常駐代表賽義德·艾克巴魯丁（Syed Akbaruddin）表示談判已經完成。
美國國務卿蓬佩奧（Mike Pompeo）在推特上稱，周二的結果是「美國外交的勝利、國際社會反對恐怖主義的勝利，也是南亞邁向和平的重要一步。」
蓬佩奧在中國撤回其對聯合國安理會第1267號決議的「技術性反對意見」的一天後發表了上述講話。中國曾4次阻止將阿茲哈爾列入恐怖分子名單。
雖然阿茲哈爾入恐怖分子名單被認為是印度的外交勝利，但安全官員仍對其長期的實際價值持懷疑態度。
2004年，印度設法讓虔誠軍的創始人薩伊德（Hafiz Saeed）被聯合國列入全球恐怖分子名單。但是在2008年11月，虔誠軍仍然成功地在印度孟買進行了一次大規模襲擊。
印度情報部門也知道阿茲哈爾患有腎功能衰竭，大部分時間都在醫院度過。一年多前起，他在拉瓦爾品第的一家軍事醫院接受定期透析。據報道，他已返回巴基斯坦旁遮普省的巴哈瓦浦耳。
但是默罕默德軍的大部分活動都被他的兄弟Mohammed Ibrahim Athar Alvi和Abdul Rauf Azhar接管。事實上，Mohammed Ibrahim Athar Alvi的兒子於2018年10月被印度軍隊在克什米爾殺害。據信今年初的克什米爾襲擊事件是他為報復兒子死亡所策劃。
印度安全官員也擔心阿茲哈爾的兄弟和其他親屬仍在逃。根據印度情報官員的說法，2004年發布的美國情報文件顯示，巴拉克特營地也被確定為恐怖主義訓練中心，由阿茲哈爾的姐夫管理。JeM在Bhawalpur鎮擁有相當高的地位，並經營一些學校，負責訓練兒童和年輕男子。
在聯合國安理會此舉公布後不久，巴基斯坦政府表示將採取「立即行動」。目前尚不清楚具體為何種行動。本周初，總理伊姆蘭汗（Imran Khan）的政府表示將在巴基斯坦接管近3萬個宗教學校，以遏制日益嚴重的極端主義。
撰文：Saikat Datta
原文：UN designates Azhar as a ‘global terrorist’
更多：https://www.asiatimes.com/lang/chinese/
相片：AFP / Aamir Qureshi
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